网络攻击者通常在攻击最后目标前使用双向交互式连接一系列中间主机(跳板机)掩盖其真实攻击路径。

Usually network attackers conceal their real attacking paths by establishing interactive connections along a series of intermediate hosts (stepping stones) before they attack the final target.

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此方案能够进行双向的身份验证，有效地防止了冒充攻击、重放攻击和小数攻击，从而提高了认证系统的安全性。

This two-way identity authentication scheme effectively prevents imitate attack, replay attack and decimal fraction attack. And the security of authentication system is enhanced.

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