博弈者的基本概念包括：参与人、行为、信息、战略、支付函数、结果、均衡。
在外生变量的影响下，博弈者的力量此消彼长，引起均衡改变和体制变革。
The relative importance of these forces may change due to some exogenous variables, which brings about the transformation of regulatory equilibrium.
博弈者可以看到棋盘上每一步着法，也互相知道对方的行动，双方不能同时走棋，但依照一定顺序。
Both players can see everything about the position on the chess board, and they know each other's moves, for the moves are not played at the same time but rather in order.
从人学角度分析，互惠利他博弈存在着三个重要的前提：博弈者是处于社会交往中的理性个体、博弈是非零和、博弈是叠演的。
From the humanity view, there are three major propositions, that is, game player is a member of the whole society, game is not zero-sum, and it is repeated.
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