格泰斯认为，由于南方的奴隶制妨碍了个人自治和对物质利益的自由追求，北方的主要改革者早在19世纪30年代就反对奴隶制。

Gerteis argues that, since slavery in the South precluded individual autonomy and the free pursuit of material gain, major Northern reformers opposed it as early as the 1830s.

youdao

离开前我们在橙街上游逛，这里是“全国地下铁路网”的一部分，内战前南方的黑奴通过这里逃到北方获取人生自由。

Before leaving we also wandered to Orange Street, which played a part in the National Underground Railroad, the network via which southern slaves escaped to freedom before and during the Civil War.

youdao

她说，自由运动的扩大使人口蛮子进入北方更加容易。北方的许多家庭缺乏教育，急需额外的收入。

Greater freedom of movement, she says, is making it easier for traffickers to gain access to the north, where many families lack education and are desperate for extra income.

youdao

Well Pete, you see, there was this free labor system and this slave labor system," blah-blah blah-blah.

皮特你知道,当时北方是自由劳动制,而南方是奴役劳动制",等等,等等

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选

He called the North a, quote, "Happy state of mediocrity, a hardy race of free, independent republicans."

他说北方是,"快乐的平庸之地,这里住着一群自由独立的共和主义者"

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选

The North and the South had roughly, as the Northern and Southern states, the Free states and Slave states, had roughly the same geographic size.

北方和南方大致上,北方和南方的各州有,自由州和蓄奴州的区别,但其地理大小总体上相同

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选