副神经为纯运动神经，分为脑神经和脊神经根两部分，分别起自延髓和上颈髓。其延髓部较小，从疑核下段发生，神经纤维在迷走神经之下作为4～5根穿出延髓侧面，向外走向颈静脉孔时与脊髓根合并。穿颈静脉孔出颅后，又与脊髓部分分开而加入迷走神经，支配咽肌和迷走神经的喉返支，供应软腭和喉的固有肌群。
前言： 目的：探讨颈部副神经损伤的原因、预防、诊断、治疗及各种治疗方法的选择。
Objective:To investigate the causes, prevention, diagnosis, treatment and selection of treatment methods.
目的阐明膈神经、副神经肌电图检查对提高臂丛神经根性损伤诊断符合率的机制和意义。
Objective To illustrate the mechanism and significance of increased diagnostic rate of brachial plexus injuries using electromyographic examination of phrenic and accessory nerves.
建立副神经移位膈神经重建高位颈髓损伤大鼠呼吸功能的实验模型，采用膈肌功能测定方法探讨术后高位颈髓损伤大鼠膈肌运动功能。
To establish the experimental model of the respiratory function reconstruction in the rats with upper cervical cord injuries through transposition of accessory nerve and phrenic nerve reconstruction.
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