在前瞻性研究当中，参与者在一段时间内(例如持续五年)被跟踪调查，基线信息会与后续的信息相比较。
In a prospective study, participants are followed over time (e.g. across five years), and baseline information is compared with later follow-ups.
下一步需要设计一项前瞻性调查，这样我们就能知道是否真的存在这些观测到的差异。
The next step is to design a prospective study so that we can see if these observed differences are actually real.
对癌症的欧洲前瞻性调查追踪了居民的饮酒水平和饮酒如何影响癌症的发病风险。
The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer study tracked their levels of drinking and how this affected their risk of cancer.
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