前现代时期充满活力的城邦制将成为主流，这些城邦实行极其谨慎的财政政策。

The pre-modernist robust model of city-states and statelings will prevail, with obsessive fiscal prudence.

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可以说，牛津大学现在已经成为了全世界前现代、现代和当代汉学研究的顶尖学者的理想之地。

It can be said that Oxford has now become the ideal place for leading scholars around the world in pre-modem, modem and contemporary Chinese Studies.

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自始新世（5300-3650万年前）开始，它们便沉睡在化石之中，在那个时代，澳洲板块刚刚与南极板块分离，而现代哺乳动物刚刚开始出现。

The microorganisms had lain dormant since the Eocene epoch, a time when Australia split off from Antarctica and modern mammals first appeared.

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It's a late Victorian image of an archaic singer rendered in the melodramatic manner of Pre-Raphaelite art and thoroughly removed from the aesthetic values of modernism, such as naturalism, formal clarity, emotional restraint and so on.

这是维多利亚时代晚期古代吟唱诗人的肖像,用戏剧化的前拉斐尔派,风格表现，完全摒弃了,现代主义的审美观，比如自然主义，形式明确，感情自制等等。

耶鲁公开课 - 现代诗歌课程节选

And there are some philosophers and psychologists who do just that, who claim that free will and responsibility and spiritual value and intrinsic value are all illusions; they're pre-scientific notions that get washed away in modern science or you could try to reconcile them.

一些哲学家和心理学家便是如此,他们认为,自由意志,责任,精神价值,内在价值,这些都是幻象,都是些前科学的概念,应当从现代科学中清洗出去,或者你可以试着将二者调和

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选