格泰斯认为，由于南方的奴隶制妨碍了个人自治和对物质利益的自由追求，北方的主要改革者早在19世纪30年代就反对奴隶制。

Gerteis argues that, since slavery in the South precluded individual autonomy and the free pursuit of material gain, major Northern reformers opposed it as early as the 1830s.

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定额制的推崇者们认为该制度能对公司和股东都有益，他们将拥有女性掌舵者的公司的优越表现作为支撑这一观点的证据。

Proponents of quotas cite the superior performance of firms with female directors as evidence that quotas will benefit companies and their shareholders.

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这是因为员工——从仓储式会员制连锁零售店好市多(Costco Wholesale)的前台收银员到服装连锁零售店盖璞(gap)的销售助理——往往就是消费者与品牌之间首要也是唯一的互动对象。

That's because employees — from a front-end cashier at Costco Wholesale to a GAP sales associate — are often a consumer's first and only interaction with a brand.

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