超低温保存过程中所造成的冷冻损伤是制约鱼类胚胎超低温保存成功与否的关键，具体表现为渗透压影响、抗冻剂毒性、冰晶损伤等。
During the process of cooling and thawing, embryos are subjected to a series of cryoinjuries such as cold shock, ice formation, cryoprotectant toxicity and osmotic effect.
柴油消烟添加剂配方的影响因素较多，各因素既相互关联，又相互制约。
The influence factors of diesel sootless additive formulation are varied, which are correlated and constrained mutually.
二氧化氯作为水处理剂已得到广泛的应用，但其纯度和使用成本越来越成为制约其应用的瓶颈。
As a water treatment reagent, chlorine dioxide has been used widely. But the purity and cost have limited its extensive application.
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