在从先秦萌芽到宋代成熟的漫长时间里，潇湘吸收了这些意象中所包含的意义并经过融合形成了自己的特点。
In the long time from infancy period to pre-Qin dynasty to mature period of Song dynasty, Xiao Xiang have formed its own features by absorbing meanings contained by all these images.
上海这个名称可以追溯到宋代(公元960 - 1 127)，后来在明朝时期，它是一个棉花集中产地。
The name Shanghai dates from the Song dynasty (AD 960-1127), and later under the Ming dynasty it was an area of intense cotton production.
综合分析从唐代到宋代禅宗身势教法的发展趋势，认为其独创性减少，程式化加重。 分别讨论禅宗手势示禅、足势示禅、体势示禅。 第四章论述禅宗身触的非言语行为教法。
The third chapter discusses Zen's body-posture from three aspects of gestures, feet-pose and body-pose, analyzes its Original beginning and developping trend based on chan's quotations.
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