这种迅速的动物起源和种类分化时期常常被称为“寒武纪大爆发”。

This rapid origin and diversification of animals is often referred to as "the Cambrian explosion".

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当公众舆论两极分化时，就像佛朗哥政权结束后那样，君主可以超越“纯粹的”政治，成为国家统一的精神“象征”。

When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above "mere" politics and "embody" a spirit of national unity.

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我国目前正处于零售业态的分化时期。

The retailing form in China is in a period of split.

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These signaling proteins play important roles in determining how many cells differentiate down particular pathways and they turn out also to be very useful for treating diseases of those pathways.

这些信号蛋白在决定特定分化路径上,有多少细胞在分化时起着重要作用,且在治疗疾病方面也很有用,同样也是利用这些机制

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Potential refers to what it sounds like, 'what potential does this committed progenitor cell have?' 'What potential does this stem cell have?' Well, one way to think about is that upon this first division, this asymmetric division, this committed progenitor cell has lost some potential.

这个"潜能"和字面意思相同,定向祖细胞的潜能是什么,干细胞的潜能又是什么,一种看法就是在第一次分化时,即不对称分裂时,定向祖细胞失去了一些潜能

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选