这些电池吸收了阳光中的光子并将它们的能量转移到电子上，由此形成一个电路。

These cells absorb photons in light and transfer their energy to electrons, which form an electrical circuit.

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光伏电池通常对光谱中的可见光和紫外线波段的光子受激性最好，但高频红外光子也能激发电流。

Photovoltaic cells are usually most responsive to photons in the visible and ultraviolet parts of the spectrum, but they can also respond to high-frequency infrared photons.

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对电子和光子技术的掌握，引发了许多技术创新，它们开创了现代世界，为我们提供了激光器、晶体管、光电池和微芯片。

Mastering electrons and photons has led to technological innovations that built the modern world and gave us lasers, transistors, photovoltaic cells and microchips.

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