任职于联邦储备局的Timothy Hannan和Robin Prager发现，来自跨市场的大银行的日益激烈的竞争在郊区跟在城市有显著不同的作用。
Timothy Hannan and Robin Prager, both of the Federal Reserve, find that increased competition from multi-market institutions has had markedly different effects in rural and urban areas.
中心城市储备银行可以在自身黄金储备基础上金字塔式增加纸币和存款总额，而在他们的信贷扩张基础上，会对货币总量产生一个多重倒金字塔式叠加效应。
The central reserve city Banks could pyramid notes and deposits on top of gold, and thereby generate multiple inverse pyramids of monetary expansion on top of their own expansion of credit.
然而到了1887年国会却修正了国民银行法，允许人口超过二十万的城市也可以成为中心储备城市，于是芝加哥和圣路易斯立即获得了资格。
In 1887, however, Congress amended the National Banking Act to allow cities with a population over 200, 000 to become central reserve cities, and Chicago and St. Louis immediately qualified.
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