有人曾经试图将价值链观点从简单制造过程延伸到其它方面，而简单制造过程是价值链最初的形式，也是最合适的形式。
One has attempted to extend it beyond the straightforward manufacturing processes for which it was, in its early form, most suited.
GBC总裁John Tedstrom说这种形式的企业参与不仅对于接受者更有用，而且也比简单开支票更有价值。
John Tedstrom, the chief executive of the GBC, says that contributions in kind are not only more valuable to the recipient, they are often worth more than companies would want to write a cheque for.
水平承载力公式按照三维空间问题进行推导，形式简单，计算方便，有较强的实用价值。
A simple calculation formula of the horizontal bearing capacity is deduced according to the model.
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