到明年夏季之前，利率将降至2.5%，但银行为了重建自己的资本和利润基础，不愿意以更低的利率提供贷款。

Interest rates are cut to 2.5% by the summer, but Banks do not pass the lower rate on to borrowers in order to rebuild their profits and capital bases.

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以银行为核心的财团是日本经济的重要基础。

The property group centered by bank is the important foundation for Japanese economy.

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本文以市交通银行蛇口支行为案例，在对该支行深入调查和研究的基础上，用PEST方法，分析了该支行个人理财业务营销的宏观环境；

This article based on investigation of the Shekou branch of Bank of Communication, use PEST model to analyzed the personal investments services of the bank's macro-economical environment;

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I mentioned earlier that we used to be on the gold standard and central banks were gold standard institutions that were trying to stabilize the economy but subject to the constraint that they had to maintain convertibility with gold but those central banks' role has changed a lot.

直至改变,我之前提到,我们过去是以金本位为基础的,并且中央银行也是以金本位为基础的机构,它们试图稳固经济,但是也在,保持金子的转换功能约束下。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选