这是没有客观标准的,因为痛苦本身是意识的感觉与反应,因此痛苦不能作为外部刺激或者局部机体疼痛来加以衡量。 从这个观点出发,任何等级区分都是不可能的。
There is no objective standard because suffering cannot be measured according to the external stimulation or local irritation of the organism, but only as it is felt and reflected in consciousness.
从这种观点出发,我们现在面临的最大问题是,当看不见的手引导资源向最优方向配置的时候,税收扭曲了资源优化配置所参考的价格信号。
The problem, according to this view, is that taxes distort the price signals through which the invisible hand guides resources to their best destinations.
从这一观点出发,巴赞批评蒙太奇理论使电影丧失了真实性。
From this point of view, Bazin critical theory to make the film lose its montage authenticity.
The perspective is an evening perspective rather than a perspective of total illumination.
这是一个从夜晚出发的观点,而非完全可启发的观点。
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