从外部性的表现形式看，可以从七个角度进行分类。
Externality can be classified from seven angles according to the forms of its expression.
最好从外部性的制度开始，例如“将支持访问降低 20%”或者“使开发引入的缺陷百分比减半”。
It's best to start with external metrics, such as "reduce support calls by 20%" or "halve the percentage of defects injected by development."
从经济学的角度来看，为了应对负外部性，原则上应该征收的税收是准确的：对一升燃料征收的税应该等于使用一升燃料所造成的危害。
Economics is precise about the tax that should, in principle, be levied to deal with negative externalities: the tax on a liter of fuel should be equal to the harm caused by using a liter of fuel.
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