中国从上世纪80年代开始实行计划生育政策。
这里从来不是个大镇(1875年的人口是617人)，但是这数量开始自从上世纪就开始下降，经过这十几二十年的时间。
It was never a big town (pop. 617 in 1875), but the head count really began declining around the turn of last century, through the teens and 20s.
欧洲的生产力和美国不相上下已经有几十年了，然而生产力的差距从上世纪90年代中期开始拉大。
Europe's productivity had been catching up with that of the United States for decades, but the gap has been widening since the mid-1990s.
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