突变是所有基因差异的最终原因,包括人类和香蕉，海星和伞菌之间差异。

Mutations are the ultimate cause of all the genetic differences, including the differences between a human and a banana, between a starfish and a toadstool.

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虽然大多数致病突变在人类中发现的概率为千分之一到百万分之一，但基础突变发生的几率可能高得多。

While most disease-causing mutated are found in humans at a rate of one in a few thousand to one in a few million people, founder mutation can occur at much higher rates.

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ALAS2基因的可遗传突变是人类X连锁铁粒幼细胞性贫血的原因。

Heritable mutations of ALAS2 gene are responsible for the human X-linked sideroblastic anemia.

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