明挖扩大基础基坑开挖时，土方采用挖掘机开挖，并由人工配合进行边坡修理、基坑顶面排水沟的修建等辅助工作。
For open spread foundation, the pit is excavated by excavators for earth work with manpower to trim the side slope and build the ditch on top of base pit.
通过大范围自然冲沟、人工取土场、道路开挖边坡和路堑的野外观察，新发现临潼-长安断裂露头40余处。
By the field survey to the natural gullies, the earth fetching areas, and the excavated slope and chasm for road foundation, we discovered 40 outcrops of the Lintong-Chang'an Fault.
对升船机及临时船闸高边坡岩体的变形分析将提高人们对人工开挖高边坡岩体变形的认识，为以后工程的岩体边坡开挖设计提供依据。
The analysis will raise the knowledge of rock mass deformation of high excavated slope and provide design basis of rock slope excavation for future works.
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