古德温还推升了银行的交易量，“在2008年上半年将衍生品交易量增加44%至4830亿英镑。”居然大大高于银行净存款额。

Goodwin also jacked up the bank's trading, "boosting derivatives assets 44 percent to 483 billion pounds in the first half of 2008," which was greater than the bank's net deposits.

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有人辩护说，这种交易通过增加市场交易量，降低了所有投资者的交易成本。

Defenders say it reduces trading costs for all investors by adding volume to the market.

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