特纳声称，边疆产生了个人主义，个人主义是美国文化的标志，而这种个人主义反过来又促进了民主制度和经济平等。

Turner claimed that the frontier produced the individualism that is the hallmark of American culture, and that this individualism in turn promoted democratic institutions and economic equality.

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因此，对个人自由的价值测试，也唯有通过在一个国家里的实践结果来确定，而这个国家的制度、生活方式和思考方式都要诞生自个人主义。

The test of the worth of personal freedom, then, can only be its practical results in a country whose institutions andways of life and of thought have grown from individualism.

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进而了解监护制度从家庭主义到个人主义再到国家主义三大基本历史形态演变过程。

Then we'll have an overview of the historical evolution process from familialism to individualism and nationalism.

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