如果可能，在进行可能会增加血管栓塞风险或将会长期不活动的手术之前，雌激素疗法应该停止4到6周。

If possible, estrogen therapy should be discontinued at least 4 to 6 weeks before any surgery associated with an increased risk for thromboembolism or during periods of prolonged immobilization.

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手术有时会造成肿瘤移除不彻底，这样就会有复发的可能性，也会增加转移到其它器官的风险。

Surgery can sometimes result in incomplete removal of the tumor, which can potentially lead to recurrence and an increase in the risk of spread of cancer to other organs.

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