然而，我们可以想象在某些特定的条件下在负能态上可能会出现空穴，而我们必须对此作出解释。

However, one would expect that under certain conditions there might be a hole in the negative energy states and one had to get an interpretation for these holes.

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对于电子能，实际上通常只关心一个电子态,就是最低的那个电子态。

Well, for the electronic case, there's really only one electronic state of interest in general. And that's the lowest state.

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此外，对木星的研究表明，外层的气态巨行星能充当盾牌的作用，保护内部岩态行星——和行星上的任何生命形态——免遭频繁光顾的小行星撞击。

What's more, studies of Jupiter suggest that outer gas giants can act as gravitational shields, protecting inner rocky worlds-and any life-forms on them-from frequent asteroid impacts.

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Sometimes subtle changes in the structure of a protein can convert it from an active state into an inactive state.

有时蛋白质结构上一些很小的变化,就能将其由激活态转变为非激活态

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So I said that this technique was used to experimentally determine what the different binding energies or the different ionization energies are for the different states in a multielectron atom.

我说过，这项技术被用来,在实验上确定多电子原子的,各个不同态相应的束缚能,或者电离能。

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