2 测量上下文切换延迟 上下文切换延迟 ( context switch latency)是操作系统性能 的显著指标之一。Linux上下文切换包括从 Linux选择一个 新进程到改变硬件状态去运行它的全过程。
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由此造成的上下文切换相对于锁保护的少数几条指令来说，会造成相当大的延迟。
The resulting context switches can cause a significant delay relative to the few instructions protected by the lock.
这样就能够避免网络延迟、进程间通信的开销以及操作系统中的上下文切换，从而进一步提高速度。
This avoids network latency and the overhead of inter-process communication, as well as context switching in the operating system, further contributing to extreme speed.
但是，在执行上下文切换时，虽然现代操作系统表现很“出色”，却并非“完美无缺”，因为进程在每次进行上下文切换时，它都将停止运行——这将导致吞吐量出现延迟(和性能下降)。
However, "excellent" in this context is not "perfect," since each time a process is context-switched it stops operating — which then results in throughput delays (and performance degradation).
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