abstract:Ziran (; Japanese: ) is a key concept in Daoism that literally means "self so; so of its own; so of itself" and thus "naturally; natural; spontaneously; freely; in the course of events; of course; doubtlessly" (Slingerland 2003, p. 97; Lai, p.
Mr. Zhang Zi-ranrevised the original. The new edition employs full-form punctuations andmodifies emending excursus, which makes it greatly convenientforyoungreaders.