The hardness gradient, depth, microstructure and phases of nitrided layers were measured with Microhardness Apparatus, Microcopy and X-ray diffractometer.

利用显微硬度计、金相显微镜和X射线衍射仪测定了渗氮层的硬度梯度、层深、显微组织和相组成。

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The surface layers are characterized by means of the optical microscope, X ray diffraction, transmission electronic microscope, and micro hardness testing machine.

用X 射线衍射、光镜和透射电镜对表层变形层金相组织、晶粒尺寸、显微硬度进行分析。

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The microstructure change and the mechanism of the change in hardness were studied by small-angle X-ray scattering.

用小角X射线散射研究了多级时效热处理中合金微结构的改变和硬度改变的机理。

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