For example, the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation lists some dos and don'ts of composting on its Web site: Do add lime, small amounts of wood ashes or crushed eggshells to the compost pile.
VOA: special.2009.06.23
The kernel also can be soaked in lye (wood ashes, traditionally) to make hominy, but this process takes several days, so it wasn't always an option.