The first group of displaced people arriving at a site should construct an adequate disposal system. Without proper facilities, displaced people are likely to defecate indiscriminately, contaminating their environment and possibly their water supply. In consultation with community leaders, the first step is to localize excreta; that is, control surface defecation. If space allows, designate an area or areas away from dwellings and downwind but accessible and close in proximity. Fence the area(s), ensure privacy, and provide a shallow trench and spades, if possible. Site such areas where the surface runoff during rain will not cause contamination, and protect the area with cutoff ditches.

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