All require some willful act in breaching a duty owed to the plaintiff by the defendant.

所有故意侵权行为均需以被告未履行其对原告义务的故意行为为要件。

youdao

The Canadian-American border, the longest border in the world between two countries, is as willful an act of imagination as a work of conceptual curtaining by Christo, but its existence has made two separate peoples, with two separate stories.

NEWYORKER: Faces, Places, Spaces

An act is willful if it is done with knowledge that it violates the law.

FORBES: Tax Reporting of Foreign Financial Assets: A Tale of Two Acts