Progressive degree of progressive tax rate depends on the type of Social welfare function and labour supply elasticity.

累进税率的累进程度取决于社会福利函数的类型和劳动供给弹性的大小。

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With the rise of Arrow's impossibility theorem research in social welfare function in the West enters a stage of perplexity.

由于阿罗不可能性定理的提出，西方社会福利函数理论的研究进入了困惑时期；

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The land can be capitalized only when the urbanization has been sped up and the system of social insurance for the rural population has been established to replace the welfare function of the land.

实现土地资本化的前提条件是积极推进农村城市化，建立现有农村福利制度替代机制，逐步建立覆盖农村的社会保障体系。

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And the welfare of our citizenry is really a function of our ability to compete in global markets.

WHITEHOUSE: President Obama Meets with Economic Recovery Advisory Board | The White House

Moreover, anti-state forces (such as the Tamil Tigers, the IRA in Northern Ireland, or the Kosovo Liberation Army) often function rather like states in the territory they control, operating welfare services and primitive justice systems, while at the same time engaging in crime, from organ-snatching to bank heists, to keep their coffers full.

ECONOMIST: Failed states