As cosmic particles enter the atmosphere and bump into atoms of air, water, ice, rock or anything else that happens to stand in their way, they trigger telltale cascades of other particles.

随着那些宇宙粒子进入大气层，并且和空气，水，岩石或别的什么阻挡在他们飞行路径上的东西中的原子碰撞，它们就会触发其他粒子的级联反应。

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The radiation comes from space (cosmic rays) as well as natural radioactive materials found in the soil, water and air.

辐射来自于外层空间（宇宙射线），以及在土壤，水和空气中的天然放射性物质。

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This is when the fascinating science of very big cosmic phenomena can be done with a test tube filled with glycerol and water.

这时一个巨大的宇宙现象背后那迷人的科学就可以在一个装有甘油和水的试管里完成。

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While the walls of the Inspiration Mars spacecraft will initially be lined with water-filled bags to guard against cosmic rays, their contents will be gradually replaced with er, byproduct that will be dehydrated through the bag (possibly using polyethylene) to reclaim and purify water for drinking.

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Using a particle accelerator, he demonstrated that cosmic rays colliding with molecules in the atmosphere can, in fact, cause gaseous water vapor to condense into cloud-forming droplets.

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