Snow and ice normally reflects much of the sun's energy — up to 90 percent — back the way it came. But a layer of soot on top of the ice will absorb the sunlight, warm the ice beneath, and melt it.

雪和冰反射了大概超过90%左的太阳能量，然而，附着在冰层上方的烟尘，会加热下方冰层，将他们融化成水。

youdao

If the wind is strong, it penetrates your clothes and removes the insulating layer of warm air around you.

如果风很大，它会穿过你的衣服把那层保暖的暖气给吹走。

youdao

They also have 30 percent more feathers in the winter and can fluff them up, trapping a layer of warm air.

它们的羽毛在冬季也要增加30%，它们把羽毛蓬松开，来保留住一层温暖的空气。

youdao

Pour another layer of warm polenta over the mozzarella, spreading it evenly to the edges.

NPR: Making a Meal with Mario Batali

They will be very thin, so fold them in half and layer them onto a warm dinner plate.

CNN: Food Central: Swedish pancakes with warm blueberry sauce

For dessert, try coconut invasion (coconut layer cake, mango ice cream and warm chocolate sauce).

FORBES: Fact And Comment