Normally, he said, volcanologists have to do "postmortem studies" of long-solidified magmas or study active lava.

据马施的经验，一般情况下，火山学家只能就凝结成岩的岩浆做一些“马后炮”的工作，或者在火山喷发的时候以熔岩为研究材料。

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In Iceland, Oddsson said, volcanologists are asking another question - how volcanoes might affect climate, instead of the other way around.

奥德森说在冰岛火山科学家们正在探究另外一个问题——火山爆发会如何影响气候，而不是反过来琢磨这个问题。

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No evidence yet exists. In Iceland, Oddsson said, volcanologists are asking another question - how volcanoes might affect climate, instead of the other way around.

奥德森说在冰岛火山科学家们正在探究另外一个问题——火山爆发会如何影响气候，而不是反过来琢磨这个问题。

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It is becoming more widely used and accepted, however, particularly by volcanologists who suddenly, with no warning, find that they have a book to sell.

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Volcanologists had known since June that a new eruption was possible, and people living within a six-kilometre (3.7-mile) radius of the crater were told to be ready to get out fast.

ECONOMIST: No disaster in the Philippines