Patterson’s findings, publishedinMarch, suggest thatVikingsettlers in Icelandran into trouble when a cool period hit aroundA.D. 970, just afew decades after theyarrived.
After Mr Webster reported his find to Ms Boughton, she identified it as Viking silver from the early medieval period, before passing it on for analysis.
Known and studied since the 1970s beginning with NASA's Viking missions, such networks date from a period in Martian history when water flowed freely across the surface.
They are cooler than the "Medieval Warm Period" about 1, 000 years ago when Eric the Red and his Icelandic Viking tribe settled on grasslands of Greenland's southwestern coast, and much warmer than about 400 years ago when the Northern Hemisphere plunged into depths of a "Little Ice Age" (not a true Ice Age).