People has done many researches on the infiltration characteristics of modern surface soil, however vertical strata and water infiltration conditions of loess are rarely done.

人们对现代表层土壤入渗特性的研究较多，对黄土地层的垂向入渗规律和含水条件方面研究较少。

youdao

This Paper proposes that according to the progress of knowledge there have formed in scientific knowledge three vertical strata: the principle, the way of proof, philosophy of science;

本文提出，随着知识的进步，科学知识产生了内在的纵向分层：原理层次、求证方法层次和科学哲学层次；

youdao

The hierarchy of medical occupations is in many ways a caste system; its strata remain intact and the practitioners in them have very little vertical mobility.

医疗职位的层级制度在很多方面都是一个层级体系，他的层级是保持不变的而且其中的从业者几乎没有垂直机动性。

youdao