And the establishment of cooperative competition in the market is based on horizontal integration, vertical integration or the regional economy.

并提出了建立合作竞争的市场机制有基于横向一体化、基于纵向一体化、基于区域经济的三种模式选择。

youdao

The fundamental model of duopoly competition in vertical differentiated market has two very important assumptions: consumers' information is complete and their preferences are stable.

基本的纵向差异化下的双寡头竞争模型有两个很重要的假设：消费者信息完全与偏好稳定。

youdao

It belongs to the vertical restriction terms of the competition behavior in the anti-monopoly law.

买断销售协议属于反垄断法中的纵向限制竞争行为。

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Critics reckon vertical silos distort competition.

ECONOMIST: Securities exchanges

Britain's previous (Conservative) government stopped him from doing so because it was worried about vertical integration, and Stephen Littlechild, the electricity regulator, is still concerned about a lack of competition.

ECONOMIST: A REC or a wreck?