By analyzing the internal connection betweenthemeaningofspeechactanditsvalidityclaims, Habermas has emphasized that the meaningof speech act can be only demonstratedincommunicativeaction.
She says the court will rule on the validity of that poll in the coming week after inviting opposition candidates to present evidence of the claims of massive vote fraud by electoral officials to benefit ruling party candidate Ali Ben Bongo.
VOA: standard.2009.10.04
He wrote the rules, adjudicated the validity of claims and approved all financial payments: he was judge, jury and exchequer.