Jaffe and his colleagues modeled one family of universes in which the down quark was lighter than the up quark, and protons were up to a percent heavier than neutrons.

Jaffe和他的同事建立了一个类型的宇宙，其中底夸克比顶夸克轻，而质子比中子重1%。

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This first recorded particle is a meson composed of an anti-beauty quark – the beauty quark's antiparticle – and an up quark – one of the two common quarks that make up protons and neutrons.

这次实验，第一次记录下来的是一个介子，它是由一个反美夸克（ 美夸克的反粒子）和一个上夸克（组成质子和中子的普通夸克之一）所组成。

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All 16 known constituents, from the humble electron to the esoteric top quark, have now turned up.

所有16种已知成分，从普普通通的电子到晦涩难懂的顶夸克都一一冒了出来。

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According to an idea called technicolour, if it were instead made up of all-new kinds of quark held together by a new interaction, akin to but distinct from the strong force, the need for fine-tuning disappears.

ECONOMIST: The hunt for physics��s most elusive quarry is over