Aimed at the universal laws of system design while exploiting forestry GIS, this article did a concrete research to the principles and methods of system design.

针对林业地理信息系统开发时，系统设计的普遍性规律，具体探讨系统设计的原则及方法。

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Besides, common features of GIS development related with underground pipelines is summed up, and an universal model of urban underground pipelines GIS is put forward.

并归纳总结了在与地下管线相关的GIS系统开发中的一些共同特点，提出了一个城市地下管线地理信息系统的通用技术路线。

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Developers not only need to know the business logic of system, but also should be familiar with GIS tools and some basic information, then explore universal functions about maps.

开发人员不仅要熟悉系统的业务逻辑，而且要熟悉所采用的GIS开发工具，了解一些底层信息和开发通用的地图功能。

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