The OSCE consists of the United States, Canada, all European countries and former Soviet republics in central Asia.

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Among the club's members are the United States, Russia, Turkey, three ex-Soviet republics in the Caucasus (Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia) and all the other countries of Europe.

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Widespread and diffuse ownership of property has been a critical element in successful republics, from early Rome and the Dutch Republic to the foundation of the United States.

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