Since the translation of the operative text is usually adapted to TT-orientation, it is necessary to do the comparative study between Chinese and English city introductions.
既然感染型文本的译文形式通常是以目标语为导向的，因此有必要进行中英文城市介绍的对比性研究。
The whole process of translation can roughly be divided into two stages: translators interpreting of the source text and target readers interpreting of TT.
翻译活动是涉及到原作、原作者、译作、译者和译文读者在内的一项创造性的活动。
For a communicative occurrence, the analysis of context in both the ST and the TT and that of the participants of the communication are very essential in text translation.
既然篇章是一起交际事件，那么对语境和交际参与者的分析就是篇章翻译中必不可少的要素。
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