The more antibiotics villagers in this study took, Eisenberg and colleagues calculated, the more likely they were to transfer the resistant E. coli to their close neighbors.

艾森伯格及同事经计算得出，接受研究的村民服用的抗生素越多，就越有可能将具有耐药性的大肠杆菌传播给近围的邻居。

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For example, transfer of virulence gene and transmission of drug-resistant gene mediated by a phage results in gene polymorphism of bacteria, which is an important problem in medicine and genetics.

如由噬菌体介导的细菌毒力基因的转移、细菌耐药基因的传递等导致了病原菌基因表型的多态性，这在医学与遗传学中是一个日益严峻的重要问题。

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It is highly resistant to oxidative degradation (i. e. formation of acids and sludge) and being of low viscosity circulates easily to provide efficient heat transfer.

它具有极高的抗氧化变质特性(即具有防止酸和油泥形成的特性)，其粘度低，易于循环，可进行有效的热传导。

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