In Darwin's theory, natural selection favors traits and behaviors that promote individual reproductive success.

达尔文的理论认为，自然选择倾向于能够促进个体繁殖成效的特性和行为。

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Such a theory fits into Penton-Voak and colleagues' next topic of study: whether masculine traits exist mostly for the benefit of other men.

这个理论与彭恩-瓦卡和其同事研究的下一个主题一致，即：阳刚之气的存在对其他人来说其否更有益。

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Nobody knows exactly why this might be, but one theory is that people with these traits may also have a tendency to be more alert and reactive to sensory inputs, similar to people who get migraines.

目前尚没有人确切地知道为什么会是这样，但有一种理论认为，具备这些特质的人可能对感觉输入信号更为警觉，反应也更大，这与偏头痛患者类似。

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In the Anglo-Saxon world Lamarck's name, if it is known at all, is associated with a theory long since discredited - the idea known as the inheritance of acquired characteristics - the idea that traits or attributes acquired or learned in the space of your life time will somehow be inherited by your children at birth.

BBC: Part Three - France and the World