abstract:Traffic waves, also called stop waves or traffic shocks, are traveling disturbances in the distribution of cars on a highway. Traffic waves usually travel backwards in relation to the motion of the cars themselves, or "upstream".
Whenit is forced by the cyclicloading for example earthquake, traffic, waveetc, dynamicpropertiesofsoils under complexinitialstressconditionare different form thegeneralstress state.
But they are frequently at the mercy of traffic managers, the civilians in brightly colored vests who wave motorists through intersections during Midtown's jammed midweek afternoons.
Passenger traffic is rare on the CPR these days, so rare that farmers and even trackmaintenance workers wave and cheer like the Railway Children as we pass.