Trading desks would estimate the maximum possible loss on risky assets, hedge it and then record the net risk as minimal, inadvertently concealing huge tail risks in the gross exposure.

交易部门对风险资产的最大可能损失做了估计，对之进行对冲，然后将如此计算的最小风险净值记录在案，如此这般，却将风险毛值里的巨大的长尾风险疏忽性地掩盖起来。

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While the finger ratio, showing fetal exposure to male hormones, appears to signal likely success in high-actively trading that calls for risk-taking and quick reactions.

研究人员称，手指长度比例可反映胎儿期所受雄性激素刺激的水平，尽管可从这一比例中预测人们是否适合从事需要冒风险及迅速反应的高强度金融交易工作。

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Regional banks have little international or trading exposure and remain on course for strong growth, says Sally Pope Davis of Goldman Sachs.

ECONOMIST: American banks: The January effect | The

Goldman Sachs (nyse: GS - news - people ), with its massive trading operations and exposure to most of the riskiest sectors in the business, is an example of how risk management has evolved.

FORBES: Goldman Leads The Risk Parade

Earlier Thursday, Fitch put several U.S. and European banks on creditwatch negative given their exposure to trading and the current volatile state of global markets.

FORBES: S&P Axes Spain's Credit Rating On Heightened Risks To Growth