Bernard Bilski and Rand Warsaw wanted to patent a method to let traders protect against the risk of price changes in energy markets.

VOA: special.2010.07.16

Well, there's a formula that's been used by bond traders for hundreds of years and it's a traditional expression, which goes from the discount rate to the price.

这里有个债券交易商,用了上百年的公式,这是个传统表达式,它能用折扣率算得价格

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

In regular short-selling,traders borrow assets and sell them at a set price, hoping they can make a profit by buying them later at a lower price.

VOA: standard.2010.05.19

Wednesday is a key trading day because it is the last day of the month, when traders price their portfolios.

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Add the effect of speculation by commodities traders and price volatility is even greater.

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The goal is to get in quickly, before others can analyze and react, and then sell into the strength created after ordinary traders and investors have reacted to the initial price move created by the traders, and have driven the price higher (or lower if the move is to the downside).

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