This paper classifies the literatures into four aspects:(1) identification about the dual margins;(2) empirical studies measuring the structure of dual margins;(3) how the dual margins work on trade gains;(4) the factors influencing margins.
本文从以下四个方面归纳和评述已有的研究成果:(1)在对二元边际的概念界定进行整理;(2)总结关于测度二元边际结构的经验研究;(3)二元边际对贸易福利的作用机制;(4)影响二元边际的因素分析。
参考来源 - 贸易增长的二元边际:一个文献综述·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
And, hardhearted though it may sound, most of the gains from trade and technology alike come from the way they redeploy investment and Labour to activities that create more wealth.
而且，虽然听起来有些无情，但是多数获益于自由贸易和技术进步的人，都是把资本和劳动力转投到更加赚钱的业务中去的。
This approach would also allow the countries to trade off gains in some commodities against the losses in others.
这种方式也会使各国能够以某些商品的收益抵消其他商品的损失。
This alternative assumption raises the gains from free trade in goods by $174 billion (or thereabouts).
按照这样的说法，会使得我们从自由贸易中获得的收益增加大约1740亿美元。
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