To control for the differences in operating costs attributed to varying bank size, a size variable, LOGA or the log of total assets, is included.

为了控制经营成本的差异归因于不同的银行规模，大小变量，洛加或总资产的记录，是包括在内。

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In this chart the fixed costs are plotted paralleled to the variable costs. Thus the fixed cost line becomes the total cost line.

在这一图中，固定成本线与变动成本线平行，固定成本线就成了总成本线。

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Last year, there was a significant increase in the ratio of variable staff costs to total staff costs, rising to 13.4 percent and as a proportion of revenue, rising to 7.8 percent, representing the highest ratios for the last 10 years.

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