When the low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite is low, the contribution of the Total Electron Contents (TEC) above the satellite is not neglectable for inversion of GPS-LEO ionospheric occultation.

电离层掩星观测中，当低轨卫星(LEO)轨道高度较低时，轨道以上的电离层电子总含量(TEC)对掩星反演的影响不能忽略。

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By defining a total reflection coefficient of natual EM field over multi layered medium, the forward and inversion equations for nature soutce EM sounding are established.

引入一个多层岩层相叠时其表面对电磁波入射的总反射系数的概念，从而导出了方法的正反演计算式及相应仪器的设计方案，并制造了测深仪器。

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The total variation constraint item is added to the wave equation inversion objective functional, to improve the stability and the resolution of inversion.

将波动方程反演的目标泛函加入全变差约束项，提高反演过程的稳定性和反演结果的分辨率。

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