abstract:A Tjurunga or as it sometimes spelled, Churinga, is an object of religious significance by Central Australian indigenous people of the Arrernte (Aranda, Arunta) groups. Tjurunga often had a wide and indeterminate native significance, they included: sacred ceremonies, stone objects, wooden sacred objects, bullroarers, sacred ground paintings, ceremonial poles, ceremonial headgear, sacred chants and sacred earth mounds.